PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Borelli V., Fonteque J.H., Stolf L., Traverso S.D. & Gava A. 2009. [Poisoning by closantel in sheep and goats in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Intoxicação por closantel em ovinos e caprinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(1):89-93. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br Two outbreaks of closantel overdosage in sheep and goat flocks are described. In the first outbreak 12 sheep were affected, 5 of them showed blindness, three sheep died (Sheep 1-3) and two were euthanized 6 months after the onset of clinical manifestation (Sheep 4 and 5). In the second outbreak 26 goats were affected, from which six survived despite blindness and one was euthanized. Clinically the animals showed depression, ataxia, motor incoordination, decreased or absent pupil reflexes. In some animals this clinical picture developed to bilateral blindness, with no reaction to threat and bilateral irresponsive midriasis. In the ophthalmic examination retinal vessel atrophy and hyperreflexia were observed. The histological examination showed myelin edema leading to status spongiosus in the central nervous system and compressive neuropathy of the optic nerve, associated with retinal degeneration and/or atrophy. This report aims to describe the epidemiologic, clinic and pathologic aspects of closantel overdosage in sheep and goats.

• Closantel sheep goats status spongiosus retinal degeneration

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Borelli V., Fonteque J.H., Stolf L., Traverso S.D. & Gava A. 2009. [Poisoning by closantel in sheep and goats in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Intoxicação por closantel em ovinos e caprinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(1):89-93. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br Two outbreaks of closantel overdosage in sheep and goat flocks are described. In the first outbreak 12 sheep were affected, 5 of them showed blindness, three sheep died (Sheep 1-3) and two were euthanized 6 months after the onset of clinical manifestation (Sheep 4 and 5). In the second outbreak 26 goats were affected, from which six survived despite blindness and one was euthanized. Clinically the animals showed depression, ataxia, motor incoordination, decreased or absent pupil reflexes. In some animals this clinical picture developed to bilateral blindness, with no reaction to threat and bilateral irresponsive midriasis. In the ophthalmic examination retinal vessel atrophy and hyperreflexia were observed. The histological examination showed myelin edema leading to status spongiosus in the central nervous system and compressive neuropathy of the optic nerve, associated with retinal degeneration and/or atrophy. This report aims to describe the epidemiologic, clinic and pathologic aspects of closantel overdosage in sheep and goats.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Veronezi L.O., Traverso S. D. & Gava A. 2008. [Experimental poisoning by Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) in cattle.] Intoxicação experimental por Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):57-62. Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br Clinical and pathological findings of experimental poisoning by Sida carpinifolia in cattle are described. A neurologic disease was observed in cattle on farms of the Alto Vale do Itajaí region of the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. For the experimental reproduction of the disease, fresh green leaves, weekly harvested in the same region where spontaneous case occurred, were force-fed to five cattle at doses of 10 and 20g/kg for 120 days, 40g/kg for 30 days, and 30 and 40g/kg body weight for 150 days. One animal died and the others were euthanatized at the end of the experiment. Clinical signs and lesions varied from mild to severe in the experimentally poisoned cattle and depended on dose and length of the period of consumption. Main histological and ultrastructural lesions consisted of vacuolation and distension of neuronal perikarya (mainly of Purkinje cells), and of the cytoplasm of acinar pancreatic cells and thyroid follicular cells. It is concluded that ingestion of even small amounts S. carpinifolia for prolonged periods of time cause lisosomal storage disease in cattle.

• Poisonous plants Sida carpinifolia Malvaceae cattle storage disease alpha-mannosidosis

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Furlan F.H., Lucioli J., Veronezi L.O., Traverso S. D. & Gava A. 2008. [Experimental poisoning by Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) in cattle.] Intoxicação experimental por Sida carpinifolia (Malvaceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 28(1):57-62. Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br Clinical and pathological findings of experimental poisoning by Sida carpinifolia in cattle are described. A neurologic disease was observed in cattle on farms of the Alto Vale do Itajaí region of the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina. For the experimental reproduction of the disease, fresh green leaves, weekly harvested in the same region where spontaneous case occurred, were force-fed to five cattle at doses of 10 and 20g/kg for 120 days, 40g/kg for 30 days, and 30 and 40g/kg body weight for 150 days. One animal died and the others were euthanatized at the end of the experiment. Clinical signs and lesions varied from mild to severe in the experimentally poisoned cattle and depended on dose and length of the period of consumption. Main histological and ultrastructural lesions consisted of vacuolation and distension of neuronal perikarya (mainly of Purkinje cells), and of the cytoplasm of acinar pancreatic cells and thyroid follicular cells. It is concluded that ingestion of even small amounts S. carpinifolia for prolonged periods of time cause lisosomal storage disease in cattle.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Lucioli J., Furlan F.H., Mezaroba S., Traverso S. D. & Gava A. 2007. [Spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Eupatorium tremulum (Asteraceae) in cattle.] Intoxicação espon-tânea e experimental por Eupatorium tremulum (Asteraceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasi-leira 27(10):442-445. Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Univer-sidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br The spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Eupatorium tremulum in cattle is described. Spontaneous cases were diagnosed in a herd of 19 cattle in the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Three of the animals were found dead after having been transferred to a pasture with abundant quantities of E. tremulum. On two of them postmortem examination was performed and several internal organs were sampled for histological examination. Green leaves of E. tremulum were force-fed orally to 5 calves in single doses of 23-32g/kg body weight. Three calves showed clinical signs and two died. The main clinical signs included anorexia, apathy, absence of rumen movements, diarrhea and a flabby abdominal wall. Gross changes were restricted to the fore stomachs and were identical to those observed in the cases of natural poisoning. Rumen and reticulum were slightly reddish from outside; the corneal layer of their internal lining was loosely attached to a markedly red mucosa. The histological examination of rumen and reticulum from spontaneous and experimental cases revealed necrosis and vesicle formation in the epithelium; in some segments of the ruminal mucosa there was detachment of the epithelial covering and infiltration by neuthophils. Poisoning by E. tremulum has clinical course, gross lesions and histopathology very similar to those observed in poisoning caused by ingestion of the plants Baccharidastrum triplinervium, Baccharis coridifolia and Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii. The diagnosis of the spontaneous cases here described was confirmed by epidemiological data and the experimental reproduction of characteristic gross lesions and histopathology.

• Poisonous plants plant poisoning Eupatorium tremulum Asteraceae diseases of cattle digestive tract

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Lucioli J., Furlan F.H., Mezaroba S., Traverso S. D. & Gava A. 2007. [Spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Eupatorium tremulum (Asteraceae) in cattle.] Intoxicação espon-tânea e experimental por Eupatorium tremulum (Asteraceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasi-leira 27(10):442-445. Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Univer-sidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br The spontaneous and experimental poisoning by Eupatorium tremulum in cattle is described. Spontaneous cases were diagnosed in a herd of 19 cattle in the municipality of Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Three of the animals were found dead after having been transferred to a pasture with abundant quantities of E. tremulum. On two of them postmortem examination was performed and several internal organs were sampled for histological examination. Green leaves of E. tremulum were force-fed orally to 5 calves in single doses of 23-32g/kg body weight. Three calves showed clinical signs and two died. The main clinical signs included anorexia, apathy, absence of rumen movements, diarrhea and a flabby abdominal wall. Gross changes were restricted to the fore stomachs and were identical to those observed in the cases of natural poisoning. Rumen and reticulum were slightly reddish from outside; the corneal layer of their internal lining was loosely attached to a markedly red mucosa. The histological examination of rumen and reticulum from spontaneous and experimental cases revealed necrosis and vesicle formation in the epithelium; in some segments of the ruminal mucosa there was detachment of the epithelial covering and infiltration by neuthophils. Poisoning by E. tremulum has clinical course, gross lesions and histopathology very similar to those observed in poisoning caused by ingestion of the plants Baccharidastrum triplinervium, Baccharis coridifolia and Baccharis megapotamica var. weirii. The diagnosis of the spontaneous cases here described was confirmed by epidemiological data and the experimental reproduction of characteristic gross lesions and histopathology.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Lucioli J., Furlan F.H., Mezaroba S., Bechtold S.L., Gava A. & Traverso S.D. 2007. [Acute sodium fluorsilicate poisoning in cattle in the state of Santa Catarina.] Intoxicação aguda por fluorsilicato de sódio em bovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):49-52. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, UDESC, Avenida Luís de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2sdt@cav.udesc.br An acute poisoning with sodium fluorsilicate in six cattle is reported, as well as the experimental reproduction by oral administration of the compound to two bovines. Clinical manifestations of the natural poisoning include muscle tremors, hypersalivation, groaning and rapid death. In the experimental poisoning lateral recumbency, dyspnea, tetanic spasms and paddling was also observed. The main necropsy findings were reddening, edema and ulceration of the ruminal and abomasal mucosa. Histopathological findings were necrosis of the epithelium of the forestomachs with polymorphonuclear infiltration of the submucosal and muscular layers. Tubular renal necrosis, liver portal necrosis and necrosis of the lymphoid tissues was also noted. The sodium fluorsilicate caused clinical signs at a dose of 300mg/kg, and death from 400mg/kg on.

• Sodium fluorsilicate poisoning cattle pathology

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Lucioli J., Furlan F.H., Mezaroba S., Bechtold S.L., Gava A. & Traverso S.D. 2007. [Acute sodium fluorsilicate poisoning in cattle in the state of Santa Catarina.] Intoxicação aguda por fluorsilicato de sódio em bovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 27(1):49-52. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Departamento de Clínica e Patologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, UDESC, Avenida Luís de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2sdt@cav.udesc.br An acute poisoning with sodium fluorsilicate in six cattle is reported, as well as the experimental reproduction by oral administration of the compound to two bovines. Clinical manifestations of the natural poisoning include muscle tremors, hypersalivation, groaning and rapid death. In the experimental poisoning lateral recumbency, dyspnea, tetanic spasms and paddling was also observed. The main necropsy findings were reddening, edema and ulceration of the ruminal and abomasal mucosa. Histopathological findings were necrosis of the epithelium of the forestomachs with polymorphonuclear infiltration of the submucosal and muscular layers. Tubular renal necrosis, liver portal necrosis and necrosis of the lymphoid tissues was also noted. The sodium fluorsilicate caused clinical signs at a dose of 300mg/kg, and death from 400mg/kg on.

Abstract in English:

Langohr I.M., Gava A. & Barros C.S.L. 2005. [Poisoning in cattle by Baccharidastrum triplinervium (Asteraceae).] Intoxicação por Baccharidastrum triplinervium (Asteraceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(4):235-238. Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, 406 South University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Estados Unidos. E-mail: ilangohr@purdue.edu An outbreak of poisoning by Baccharidastrum triplinervium in cattle from Paraná, Brazil, is described. The disease occurred during a severe drought in early summer. The onset of clinical signs was two days after 50 cows and 8 heifers had been introduced into a pasture with high density of B. triplinervium that showed signs of having been consumed by the animals. Fifteen animals (9 cows and 6 heifers) got sick. Of these 15, two cows and four heifers died after a clinical course of 12-60 hours. Clinical signs included depression, ruminal atony, moderate bloat, marked dehydration, mild diarrhea and anorexia. The animals were restless, laying down and getting up constantly, remaining progressively longer periods in sternal recumbency. Once in that position, the animals had an extended head or the head turned to one of the sides of the body, and were groaning. Additionally, the cows had an abrupt fall in milk yield. The remaining affected cattle presented milder clinical signs and were partially back to their feed on the day following the onset of the clinical signs. The milk production was back to normal values within one week. The main gross lesions observed in two necropsied cows were in the forestomachs and abomasum, consisting of edema of the ruminal wall, as well as of diffuse reddening of the mucosae of the rumen, reticulum, abomasum and of some of the omasal folds. The main histological lesions included multifocal ballooning degeneration and necrosis of the lining epithelium of the rumen, associated with neutrophilic infiltrate. The diagnosis was based on the epidemiological data and on the experimental reproduction of the disease by force-feeding 3 bovine with the aeral fresh parts (20 and 30g/kg) of B. triplinervium. Chemical analysis of dried material from B. triplinervium harvested at the site of the outbreak was negative for macrocyclic trichothecenes.

• Poisonous plants Baccharidastrum triplinervium Asteraceae plant poisoning diseases of cattle pathology.

Abstract in Portuguese:

Langohr I.M., Gava A. & Barros C.S.L. 2005. [Poisoning in cattle by Baccharidastrum triplinervium (Asteraceae).] Intoxicação por Baccharidastrum triplinervium (Asteraceae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 25(4):235-238. Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, 406 South University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Estados Unidos. E-mail: ilangohr@purdue.edu An outbreak of poisoning by Baccharidastrum triplinervium in cattle from Paraná, Brazil, is described. The disease occurred during a severe drought in early summer. The onset of clinical signs was two days after 50 cows and 8 heifers had been introduced into a pasture with high density of B. triplinervium that showed signs of having been consumed by the animals. Fifteen animals (9 cows and 6 heifers) got sick. Of these 15, two cows and four heifers died after a clinical course of 12-60 hours. Clinical signs included depression, ruminal atony, moderate bloat, marked dehydration, mild diarrhea and anorexia. The animals were restless, laying down and getting up constantly, remaining progressively longer periods in sternal recumbency. Once in that position, the animals had an extended head or the head turned to one of the sides of the body, and were groaning. Additionally, the cows had an abrupt fall in milk yield. The remaining affected cattle presented milder clinical signs and were partially back to their feed on the day following the onset of the clinical signs. The milk production was back to normal values within one week. The main gross lesions observed in two necropsied cows were in the forestomachs and abomasum, consisting of edema of the ruminal wall, as well as of diffuse reddening of the mucosae of the rumen, reticulum, abomasum and of some of the omasal folds. The main histological lesions included multifocal ballooning degeneration and necrosis of the lining epithelium of the rumen, associated with neutrophilic infiltrate. The diagnosis was based on the epidemiological data and on the experimental reproduction of the disease by force-feeding 3 bovine with the aeral fresh parts (20 and 30g/kg) of B. triplinervium. Chemical analysis of dried material from B. triplinervium harvested at the site of the outbreak was negative for macrocyclic trichothecenes.

Abstract in English:

RESUMO.- Gava A., Barros C.S.L., Pilati C., Barros S.S. & Mori A.M. 2001. [Poisoning by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae) in cattle] Intoxicação por Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(2):49-59. Depto Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br É descrita uma enfermidade caracterizada por manifestações relacionadas aos sistemas nervoso e cardiovasculai; que afeta bovinos no oeste de Santa Catarina e noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os animais apresentam "morte súbita" ou edemas de declive, veias jugulares ingurgitadas e pulso venoso positivo, precedida ou não de apatia, letargia e cegueira. A doença atinge bovinos com mais de um ano, principalmente no outono e inverno, com morbidade de 10 a 60% e mortalidade chegando a 95%. As lesões macroscópicas consistem de áreas esbranquiçadas e firmes no miocárdio, principalmente nas proximidades dos vasos coronários e no septo interventricular. Em parte dos animais, o fígado apresenta-se aumentado de volume e com aspecto de noz-moscada. Alterações histológicas incluem tumefação e necrose de miofibras cardíacas, fibrose e infiltrado de macrófagos no interstício do músculo cardíaco e marcada congestão centrolobular e leve fibrose no fígado. No encéfalo dos bovinos com quadro clínico de letargia, a substância branca apresenta degeneração esponjosa (status spongiosus). A doença com manifestações de letargia e cegueira foi reproduzida em bovinos com o fornecimento de folhas de Ateleia. glazioviana no cocho, na dose única de 40 e 50 g/kg e em doses fracionadas de 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 e 10 g/kg. Lesões cardíacas crônicas foram reproduzidas com doses fracionadas de 2,5, 5,0 e 7,5 g/kg por longo período e com dose inicial de 1 g/kg, acrescida de lg/kg/dia até atingir 15 g/kg, num total de 120 g/kg.

• Poisonous plants Ateleia glaziovana degenerative cardiopathy "sudden death" brain edema (status spongiosus) cattle pathology Intoxicação por plantas cardiomiopatia "morte súbita" edema encefálico (status spongiosus) bovinos patologia.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Gava A., Barros C.S.L., Pilati C., Barros S.S. & Mori A.M. 2001. [Poisoning by Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae) in cattle] Intoxicação por Ateleia glazioviana (Leg. Papilionoideae) em bovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 21(2):49-59. Depto Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade Estadual de Santa Catarina, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. E-mail: a2ag@cav.udesc.br É descrita uma enfermidade caracterizada por manifestações relacionadas aos sistemas nervoso e cardiovasculai; que afeta bovinos no oeste de Santa Catarina e noroeste do Rio Grande do Sul. Os animais apresentam "morte súbita" ou edemas de declive, veias jugulares ingurgitadas e pulso venoso positivo, precedida ou não de apatia, letargia e cegueira. A doença atinge bovinos com mais de um ano, principalmente no outono e inverno, com morbidade de 10 a 60% e mortalidade chegando a 95%. As lesões macroscópicas consistem de áreas esbranquiçadas e firmes no miocárdio, principalmente nas proximidades dos vasos coronários e no septo interventricular. Em parte dos animais, o fígado apresenta-se aumentado de volume e com aspecto de noz-moscada. Alterações histológicas incluem tumefação e necrose de miofibras cardíacas, fibrose e infiltrado de macrófagos no interstício do músculo cardíaco e marcada congestão centrolobular e leve fibrose no fígado. No encéfalo dos bovinos com quadro clínico de letargia, a substância branca apresenta degeneração esponjosa (status spongiosus). A doença com manifestações de letargia e cegueira foi reproduzida em bovinos com o fornecimento de folhas de Ateleia. glazioviana no cocho, na dose única de 40 e 50 g/kg e em doses fracionadas de 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 e 10 g/kg. Lesões cardíacas crônicas foram reproduzidas com doses fracionadas de 2,5, 5,0 e 7,5 g/kg por longo período e com dose inicial de 1 g/kg, acrescida de lg/kg/dia até atingir 15 g/kg, num total de 120 g/kg.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Gava A., Sousa R.S., de Deus M.S., Pilati C., Cristani J., Mori A. & Neves D.S. 1999. [Phalaris angusta (Gramineae) causing neurological disease in cattle in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Phalaris angusta (Gramineae) como causa de enfermidade neurológica em bovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 19(1):35-38. Depto Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. Two outbreaks of spontaneous poisoning in cattle by Phalaris angusta Neês ex Trin. ("aveia louca", "aveia de sangue") are reported in cattle. The outbreaks occurred in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during the winters of 1993 and 1996. In both outbreaks the animals were held in paddocks where P. angusta was a prevalent forage. Clinical sigos in affected cattle included generalized tremors, alertness, hypermetria, ataxia and convulsions. Gross lesions were restricted to the brairi and consisted of gray to greenish discoloration in the thalamus and mesencephalon. The disease was experimentally reproduced in cattle by administration of P. angusta.

• Phalaris angusta poisonous plants cattle pathology plantas tóxicas bovinos patologia.

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Gava A., Sousa R.S., de Deus M.S., Pilati C., Cristani J., Mori A. & Neves D.S. 1999. [Phalaris angusta (Gramineae) causing neurological disease in cattle in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Phalaris angusta (Gramineae) como causa de enfermidade neurológica em bovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 19(1):35-38. Depto Clínica e Patologia, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Av. Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. São relatados dois surtos de intoxicação natural por Phalaris angusta ("aveia-louca" ou "aveia-de-sangue") em bovinos no Estado de Santa Catarina, nos invernos de 1993 e 1996. Nos dois surtos os animais estavam lotados em piquetes onde P. angusta era a planta dominante. Os sinais clínicos incluíam tremores generalizados, olhar atento, hipermetria, ataxia e convulsões. Alterações macroscópicas eram restritas ao encéfalo e se caracterizavam por coloração cinza-esverdeada no tálamo e mesencéfalo. A doença foi reproduzida experimentalmente em bovinos pela administração de P. angusta.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Gava A., Cristani J., Branco J. V., Neves D.S., Mondadori A.J. & Sousa R.S. 1998. [Sudden death in cattle by Mascagnia sp (Malpighiaceae) in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Mortes súbitas em bovinos causadas pela ingestão de Mascagnia sp (Malpighiaceae), no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 18(1):16-20. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, UDESC, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. In the coastal areas of the State of Santa Catarina occurs a disease in cattle characterized by "sudden death". The disease was reproduced in bovines by oral administration of Mascagnia sp. Single doses of 5 g/kg of the fresch leaves of Mascagnia sp caused non-lethal poisoning; single doses of 7,5 g/kg caused letharpoisoning in one of two bovines and doses of 10 g/kg death in two others. In the experiments clinical manifestations were observed when the animals were exercised. They consisted in weakness, swollen jugular vein, slight muscular tremors and sometimes sudden contractions; tachycardia, already observed before the exercise, became more intense. At the end the animals suddenly laid down or fell on their side. The course of poisoning in those two animals which were followed up till death, was 40 and 75 minutes. The highest doses given (15 and 20 g/kg) caused a protratecd course; the animals got slow and apathic, avoiding any movements. They were found dead, 7h45min and 21 hours after the first clinical signs. These two last experiments show the importance of exercise regarding the onset of symptoms and the occurrence of "sudden death". The main post-mortem findings were intense red discoloration of the mucosa of the small intestine and oedema of the gallbladder wall. The main histological alteration was hydropic vacuolar degeneration of the tubular epithelium of the kidney in three of the five bovines which died.

• Poisonous plants plant poisoning Mascagnia sp cattle pathology "sudden death" Plantas tóxicas intoxicação por planta patologia bovinos "morte súbita".

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Gava A., Cristani J., Branco J. V., Neves D.S., Mondadori A.J. & Sousa R.S. 1998. [Sudden death in cattle by Mascagnia sp (Malpighiaceae) in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil.] Mortes súbitas em bovinos causadas pela ingestão de Mascagnia sp (Malpighiaceae), no Estado de Santa Catarina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 18(1): 16-20. Laboratório de Patologia Animal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, UDESC, Av. Luiz de Camões 2090, Lages, SC 88520-000, Brazil. No Litoral de Santa Catarina vem ocorrendo uma doença de bovinos caracterizada por "morte súbita". Para esclarecer a etiologia, foram conduzidos experimentos em bovinos nos quais se reproduziu a enfermidade pela administração oral de Mascagnia sp. Doses únicas de 5 g/kg das folhas frescas de Mascagnia sp causaram intoxicação não letal. Doses únicas de 7,5 g/kg causaram intoxicação letal em um de dois bovinos e dose de 10 g/kg a morte de outros dois. Nessas dosagens de 5 a 10 g/kg as manifestações clínicas eram observadas quando os animais eram movimentados, e consistiram em cansaço. jugular ingurgitada, leves tremores musculares e às vezes contrações bruscas; taquicardia já notada antes do exercício se acentuava. Finalmente os animais se deitavam ou caíram subitamente. A evolução da intoxicação nos dois animais em que foi acompanhada até a morte, foi de 40 e 75 minutos. As mais altas doses administradas (15 e 20 g/kg) provocaram um quadro de intoxicação protraída; os animais se mostraram lerdos e apáticos, evitando quaisquer movimentos; foram encontrados mortos 7h45min e 21 horas após terem sido observados os primeiros sinais clínicos. Esses dois últimos experimentos mostram que a movimentação é um fator importante para a manifestação da "morte súbita". Os principais achados de necropsia foram coloração vermelha intensa da mucosa do intestino delgado e edema da parede da vesícula biliar. As mais importantes alterações histológicas foram degeneração hidrópico-vacuolar do epitélio tubular renal em três dos cinco bovinos que morreram.

Abstract in English:

An outbreak of salinomycin toxicosis is reported. Out of a lot of 46 Simmental heifers 13 died after presenting incoordination, stiff gait, diarrhea, weight loss, muscle tremors, reduced tolerance to exercise, dyspnea and, occasionally, dark urine. Some animals were found dead or died when forced to move. Gross lesions consisted basically of pale areas in the myocardium, subepicardial hemorrhages, hydropericardium, hydrothorax, pulmonary congestion and edema, and, in some cases, pendent subcutaneous edema and nutmeg liver. Main histopathological changes consisted of necrosis and loss of myocardial fibers which were replaced by fibrous connective tissue. Approximately 9 days before the first deaths the heifers had been treated for eimeriosis with a premix containing 6% of salinomycin.

• Cardiomyopathy cattle diseases salinomycin toxicosis

Abstract in Portuguese:

Descreve-se um surto de intoxicação. Por salinomicina em bovinos. De um grupo de 46 novilhas Simmental, 13 morreram após manifestação de incoordenação, andar rígido, diarréia, emagrecimento, tremores musculares, cansaço após pequenos movimentos, dispneia e, ocasionalmente, urina escura. Os animais eram encontrados mortos ou morriam subitamente quando movimentados. As lesões macroscópicas consistiam basicamente de áreas pálidas no miocárdio, hemorragias subepicárdicas, hidropericárdio, hidrotórax, congestão e edema pulmonar e, em alguns casos, edema de declive e fígado de noz-moscada. Os principais achados microscópicos foram lesões multifocais de necrose e perda de fibras miocárdicas, que eram substituídas por tecido conjuntivo fibroso. Cerca de 9 dias antes do início da mortandade, as novilhas tinham sido medicadas para eimeriose, com um premix contendo 6% de salinomicina.

• Cardiomiopatia doenças de bovinos salinomicina intoxicação

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Gava A. & Barros C.S.L. 1997. Senecio spp. poisoning of horses in southern Brazil.[ Intoxicação por Senecio spp. em equinos no sul do Brasil] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 17(1):36-40. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS 97119-900, Brazil. Cases of seneciosis in horses occurring in four farms in the state of Santa Catarina and in another in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, are reported. S. brasiliensis or S. oxyphyllus or both were detected in four of the tive properties. Five horses (one on each property) were necropsied, and tissues for histopathological examination were collected from four horses. Neurological signs, such as depression, ataxia, aimeless walking, circling, head pressing, faulty prehension of food, dysphagia and blindness were consistently observed. Other signs included inappetence, loss of weight, colic, subcutaneous edema, icterus and photodermatitis. At necropsy the livers were firmer and darker than normal and had accentuation of lobular pattern. Edema of the mesentery and ascites were observed in one horse. Main histopathological changes consisted of hepatic chiefly periportal fibrosis, hepatomegalocytosis and biliary hyperplasia. Marked cholestasis and morphological evidence of hepatic encephalopathy were seen respectively in the tiver and brain of one of the horses.

• Poisonous plants Senecio brasiliensis S. oxyphyllus Compositae diseases of horses pathology Plantas tóxicas doenças de equinos patologia.

Abstract in Portuguese:

SINOPSE.- Gava A. & Barros C.S.L. 1997. Senecio spp. poisoning of horses in southern Brazil.[ Intoxicação por Senecio spp. em equinos no sul do Brasil] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 17(1):36-40. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS 97119-900, Brazil. Intoxicação por Senecio spp. em equinos no sul do Brasil. São relatados casos de seneciose em equinos, em quatro propriedades rurais do estado de Santa Catarina e em uma do Rio Grande do Sul. Em quatro dessas propriedades, Senecio brasiliensis ou S. oxyphyllus ou ambos estavam presentes em grandes quantidades. Cinco equinos (um em cada propriedade) foram necropsiados e de quatro necropsias foram colhidos tecidos para exame histológico. Sinais clínicos de distúrbios neurológicos como depressão, ataxia, andar a esmo, torneio, pressão da cabeça contra objetos, dificuldade em apreender os alimentos, disfagia e cegueira foram consistentemente observados. Outros sinais incluíam inapetência, perda de peso, cólica, edema subcutâneo, icterícia e fotodermatite. À necropsia, os fígados estavam mais firmes e escuros e tinham acentuação do padrão lobular. Edema do mesentério e ascite foram observados em um equino. Os principais achados histopatológicos consistiram de fibrose hepática, principalmente periportal, hepatomegalocitose e hiperplasia biliar. Colestase acentuada e evidências morfológicas de encefalopatia hepática foram observadas respectivamente no fígado e cérebro de um dos equinos.