PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Ferreira G.J., Branco E., Cabral R., Gregores G.B., Fioretto E.T., Lima A.R., Sarmento C.A.P., Miglino M.A. & Carvalho A.F. 2009. Morphological aspects of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) umbilical cord. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):788-792. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Av. Pte. Tancredo Neves 2501, Montese, Belém, PA 66077-530, Brazil. E-mail: erika.branco@ufra.edu.br Buffalo is an important livestock resource, with a great participation in agricultural systems, providing milk, meat, and work power. Umbilical cord is responsible for maternal-fetal nutrients exchange during pregnancy, and its alterations can compromise the fetal development. We investigated ten pregnant uteruses collected from cross-bread buffaloes in different stages of gestation. Pregnancy and fetal age was determined by measuring the apex sacral length and development period was calculated by previously published formula. Umbilical cords were measured for length determination. Umbilical cord vascular net and anastomosis were observed by injection of Neoprene latex. Histological sections of the umbilical cord were studied after stain with HE, picrossirius, toluidine blue, orceine, and PAS reaction. Buffaloes’ umbilical cord was formed by two central arteries, an allantois duct and two peripheral veins. The artery wall was composed by large quantity of collagen, elastic fibers, fibroblasts and large number of vasa vasorum. The allantois duct was located between the arteries and presented a great number of small nourishing vessels. Small nourishing vessels should be carefully considered to avoid to be mistaken to the arterials and veins vasa vasorum. Medium length of umbilical cord from buffalos was 11.8cm (minimum of 6.8cm and maximum of 17.4cm).

• Buffalo umbilical cord gross anatomy microscopy

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Ferreira G.J., Branco E., Cabral R., Gregores G.B., Fioretto E.T., Lima A.R., Sarmento C.A.P., Miglino M.A. & Carvalho A.F. 2009. Morphological aspects of buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) umbilical cord. [Aspectos Morfológicos do cordão umbilical de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis).] Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):788-792. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Av. Pte. Tancredo Neves 2501, Montese, Belém, PA 66077-530, Brazil. E-mail: erika.branco@ufra.edu.br Búfalo é uma importante fonte de recurso nos rebanhos animais, apresentando uma grande participação na agropecuária, provendo leite, carne e força de trabalho. O Cordão umbilical é responsável pela troca de nutrientes materno-fetais durante a gestação, e suas alterações podem comprometer o desenvolvimento fetal. Nós investigamos dez úteros gravídicos de búfalos de raças cruzadas em fases diferentes de gestação. O período de gestação e a idade fetal foram determinados pelo comprimento ápice sacral, aplicando fórmulas previamente estabelecidas. Posteriormente mediu-se o comprimento do cordão umbilical. A rede vascular do cordão umbilical e anastomoses foram observadas por injeção ou látex de neoprene. O cordão umbilical foi estudado a partir de cortes histológicos, corados por HE, picrossirius, azul de Toluidina, orceína e reação histoquímica de PAS. O cordão umbilical de búfalos é formado por duas artérias centrais, ducto alantóide e duas veias periféricas e apresentam forma de ampulheta. A parede da artéria umbilical é composta por grande quantidade de fibras colágenas e elásticas, fibroblastos e um grande número de vasa vasorum. O ducto alantóide fica alocado entre as artérias e apresenta um grande número de pequenos vasos nutritivos. Os vasos nutritivos devem ser cuidadosamente identificados para evitar-se confundi-los com vasa vasorum. O comprimento médio do cabo de cordão umbilical dos búfalos era 11.8cm (mínimo de 6.8cm e máximo de 17.4cm).

Abstract in English:

RESUMO.- Cortez A.C., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K. & Bombonato P.P. 2009. [Histomorfometric study of the spleen of healthy and diabetic Wistar rats supplemented or not with vitamin C.] Estudo histomorfométrico do baço de ratos Wistar sadios e diabéticos suplementados ou não pela vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):834-840. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Pires de Mello 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br O objetivo deste trabalho foi de analisar morfometricamente fragmentos histológicos do baço de animais normais e diabéticos, comparando os resultados encontrados e relacionando-os ao sexo e a suplementação da vitamina C. Foram utilizados 32 ratos Wistar, os quais foram analisados número de vasos, o número de folículos germinativos (polpa branca) e o diâmetro dos vasos de cada animal. As análises histológicas e morfometricas foram feitas em amostras de 5µm de espessura demonstrando que: na quantidade de folículos germinativos, observamos resultados comparando, independente do sexo, animais controles suplementados com vitamina C e controles não suplementados (p£”0,05; F=0,1452); na quantidade de vasos, observamos resultados comparando, fêmeas diabéticas suplementadas pela vitamina C e fêmeas diabéticas não suplementadas (pd”0,05; F=6.8893); e no diâmetro dos vasos, observamos resultados comparando fêmeas, tanto no grupo controle quanto ao grupo diabético, suplementadas pela vitamina C quando comparadas às fêmeas não suplementadas pela vitamina C (p<0,05; U=121.50; Z(U)=2.1234) e (p<0,05; F=4.8134). De um modo geral, a indução de diabetess modifica o diâmetro vascular nas fêmeas e que a administração de vitamina C interfere nos dados métricos relativos ao diâmetro vascular somente nas fêmeas.

• Wistar rats Diabetes mellitus Spleen Vitamin C

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Cortez A.C., Benedicto H.G., Agreste F.R., Clebis N.K. & Bombonato P.P. 2009. [Histomorfometric study of the spleen of healthy and diabetic Wistar rats supplemented or not with vitamin C.] Estudo histomorfométrico do baço de ratos Wistar sadios e diabéticos suplementados ou não pela vitamina C. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):834-840. Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rua Professor Hernani Pires de Mello 101, Niterói, RJ 24210-130, Brazil. E-mail: hill@vm.uff.br The objective of this study was to analyze morphometric histological shatters of the spleen of normal and diabetic animals, comparing the joined results and relating them in the sex and the suplementation of vitamin C. Had been used 32 Wistar rats, which had been analyzed: number of vases; the number of germinative folicules (white pulp); and the diameter of the vases of each animal. Histological and morphometric analyses were applied on 5µm thick samples and showed that: in the amount of germinative folicules, we observe resulted comparing, independent of the sex, animals controls supplemented with vitamin C and controls not supplemented (p£0.05; F=0.1452); in the amount of vases, we observe resulted comparing, of diabetic females supplemented by vitamin C when compared with not supplemented (pd”0.05; F=6.8893); and in the diameter of the vases, we observe resulted comparing females, as much in the group has controlled how much to the diabetic group, supplemented with vitamin C when compared with the females not supplemented with vitamin C (p<0.05; U=121.50; Z(U)=2.1234) and (p<0,05; F=4.8134). In a general way, the induction of diabetes modifies the vascular diameter in the females and that the vitamin C administration only intervenes with relative metric data to the vascular diameter in the females.

Abstract in English:

RESUMO.- Monteiro C.M.R., Perri S.H.V., Roberto Gameiro de Carvalho R.G. & Koivisto M.B. 2009. [Histology and morphometry in uterus horns of nulliparous bitches, multiparous ones and bitches treated with contraceptives.] Histologia e morfometria em cornos uterinos de cadelas nulíparas, multíparas e tratadas com contraceptivos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):847-851. Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 173, Araçatuba, SP 16065-090, Brazil. E-mail: monteiro@fmva.unesp.br Dados histológicos e morfométricos foram obtidos de útero de cadelas nulíparas (n=6), multíparas (n=6) e de cadelas tratadas com contraceptivo (n=6). Para esse fim foram usadas seis amostras de cornos uterinos, em corte médio, para cada grupo. As mensurações das espessuras da parede uterina, endométrio total, miométrio total, miométrio interno, miométrio externo, estrato vascular e diâmetro das glândulas endometriais normais não foram estatisticamente significantes entre as cadelas multíparas e tratadas, com exceção para a altura do epitélio de glândulas normais. As mensurações das espessuras da parede uterina, endométrio total, miométrio total, miométrio interno, diâmetro das glândulas normais e altura do epitélio glandular foram significantes, comparando cadelas nulíparas com as multíparas e/ou tratadas, com exceção para as espessuras do miométrio externo e estrato vascular. Diante dos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que os dados numéricos confirmam que (1) o uso de anticoncepcionais e sucessivas gestações afetam a estrutura uterina em seu total; (2) o miométrio externo e estrato vascular foram as regiões que menos sofreram alterações comparando-se os 3 grupos; (3) as variações morfológicas ocorreram com a mesma intensidade no endométrio e miométrio totais para as cadelas tratadas e multíparas, e (4) a presença de glândulas endometriais dilatadas foi o diferencial encontrado nas cadelas tratadas, pois as mesmas estavam ausentes nas multíparas e nulíparas.

• Morphometry uterine horns endometrium myometrium bitches

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Monteiro C.M.R., Perri S.H.V., Roberto Gameiro de Carvalho R.G. & Koivisto M.B. 2009. [Histology and morphometry in uterus horns of nulliparous bitches, multiparous ones and bitches treated with contraceptives.] Histologia e morfometria em cornos uterinos de cadelas nulíparas, multíparas e tratadas com contraceptivos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):847-851. Departamento de Clínica, Cirurgia e Reprodução Animal, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 173, Araçatuba, SP 16065-090, Brazil. E-mail: monteiro@fmva.unesp.br Histological and morphometric data were obtained from uterus of nulliparous bitches (n=6), multiparous ones (n=6), and bitches treated with contraceptive (n=6). Six samples of uterine horns, cut in average for each group. Measurements of the thickness of the uterine wall, total endometrium, total myometrium, internal myometrium, external myometrium, vascular layer and diameter of normal endometrial glands were not statistically significant between the treated and multiparous bitches, except for the height of the epithelium of normal glands. Measurements of thickness of the uterine wall, total endometrium, total myometrium, myometrium internal diameter and height of the glands of normal glandular epithelium were significant, comparing nulliparous with multiparous bitches and/or treated, except for thickness of the myometrium and vascular outer layer. It can be concluded that (1) the use of contraceptives and successive pregnancies affected uterine structures in its full, (2) the vascular layer and external myometrium were the regions with less variation, (3) morphological changes occurred with the same intensity in the total endometrium and myometrium of treated and multiparous bitches; and (4) the presence of dilated endometrial glands was the difference found in the treated bitches, because they were absent in nulliparous and multiparous ones.

Abstract in English:

RESUMO.- Assis Neto A.C., Morceli J.A.B., Fonseca R., Ambrósio C.E., Pereira F.T.V. & Miglino M.A. 2009. [Biometrics evolution of the embryonic and fetal annexes in cows obtained by natural mating, at 10 to 70 days of gestation.] Evolução morfométrica dos anexos embrionários e fetais bovinos obtidos por monta natural, com 10 a 70 dias da gestação. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):859-862. Faculdade de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Unidade Experimental de Dracena, Rodovia Comandante João Ribeiro de Barros Km 651, Dracena, SP 17900-000, Brazil. E-mail: antonioassis@dracena.unesp.br O período inicial da gestação de bovinos é caracterizado por grandes perdas embrionárias. Considerando a importância deste fator no âmbito da reprodução animal foram estudados os anexos embrionários e fetais bovinos fecundados por monta natural de 15-70 dias de gestação, com o objetivo de estabelecer parâmetros morfométricos da placenta na fase inicial da gestação. Com uso de um paquímetro foram realizadas mensurações do comprimento (crânio caudal), largura (latero lateral) e altura (dorso ventral) das membranas corioalantóide e amniótica. O início da formação dos cotilédones foi observado e quantificado, assim como, o peso placentário. O peso médio do saco gestacional aumentou com o evoluir da idade gestacional, entretanto, o crescimento foi acelerado a partir de 20-30 dias de gestação. O comprimento crânio caudal e dorso ventral da membrana corioalantóide e do âmnio apresentaram crescimento lento e gradual com o evoluir dos períodos gestacionais analisados. Com 30-40 dias de gestação, os primeiro cotilédones já eram visualizados e contatos com facilidade na superfície coriônica. Os períodos de crescimento coincidiram com os maiores índices de perdas gestacionais em bovinos. Os parâmetros aqui analisados poderão servir para futuras investigações dos anexos embrionários de organismos manipulados em laboratório.

• Placenta bovine extraembryonics membranes amnion chorion

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Assis Neto A.C., Morceli J.A.B., Fonseca R., Ambrósio C.E., Pereira F.T.V. & Miglino M.A. 2009. [Biometrics evolution of the embryonic and fetal annexes in cows obtained by natural mating, at 10 to 70 days of gestation.] Evolução morfométrica dos anexos embrionários e fetais bovinos obtidos por monta natural, com 10 a 70 dias da gestação. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(10):859-862. Faculdade de Zootecnia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Unidade Experimental de Dracena, Rodovia Comandante João Ribeiro de Barros Km 651, Dracena, SP 17900-000, Brazil. E-mail: antonioassis@dracena.unesp.br The main goal of this morphometrical study was to characterize the development of the extra-embryonic membranes of 15 to 70-day-old bovine embryos obtained by natural mating. With a millimeter paquimeter the cranio-caudal, latero-lateral and dorso-ventral measurements of chorion and amnion were determined. The development of the cotyledons and weight of the gestational sac were observed and quantified. The weight of the gestational sac increased during gestation; however, the growth was faster then 20 to 30 days. The cranial-caudal and dorsal-ventral length of the choriallantois and the amnion developed slowly and gradually with progress of the gestational period, and the cranio-caudal length decreased after 50 to 60 days of gestation, increasing in the next period. After 30 to 40 days of gestation, the first cotyledons were visualized and counted easily in the chorionic surface. The growth periods were the same of the main gestational losses in cattle. The parameters analyzed could be useful for investigations of extra-embryonic membranes in organisms manipulated in the laboratory.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Laskoski L.M., Valadão C.A.A., Vasconcelos R.O., Pereira R.N., Dias A.D.P.U. & Alessi A.C. 2009. [Morphologic alterations of the hoof lamellar tissue, and clinic and laboratorial analyses of horses with lethal colic syndrome.] Alterações morfológicas de tecido laminar do casco e parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais de equinos com síndrome cólica letal. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(9):731-735. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil. E-mail: lucianelaskoski@hotmail.com The gastrointestinal diseases of horses are aggravated by complications such as laminitis. The laminitis etiopathogeny are connected with lamellar basement membrane degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Inflammatory cytokines and leukocytes enzymes can active MMPs. The object of this study was to evaluate morphological changes on lamellar tissue of horses with colic syndrome and its association with clinical and laboratorial parameters. It was observed intensive destruction of lamellar architecture, mainly on animals with severe physical and laboratorial alterations, such as delayed capillary refill time, congested mucous membrane, tachycardia, hemoconcentration and low count of platelet and leukocytes. The results sign to the most likely moment of development of lamellar tissue injuries in horses with colic syndrome, which can be adopted preventive measures against laminitis.

• Colic syndrome laminitis síndrome cólica laminite

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Laskoski L.M., Valadão C.A.A., Vasconcelos R.O., Pereira R.N., Dias A.D.P.U. & Alessi A.C. 2009. [Morphologic alterations of the hoof lamellar tissue, and clinic and laboratorial analyses of horses with lethal colic syndrome.] Alterações morfológicas de tecido laminar do casco e parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais de equinos com síndrome cólica letal. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(9):731-735. Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP 14884-900, Brazil. E-mail: lucianelaskoski@hotmail.com As afecções gastrintestinais dos cavalos são agravadas por complicações como a laminite, cuja etiopatogenia está relacionada à degradação da membrana basal do tecido laminar por metaloproteinases (MMPs). A ativação das MMPs pode ocorrer devido à liberação local de citocinas inflamatórias ou enzimas provenientes de leucócitos infiltrados no tecido laminar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alterações morfológicas do tecido laminar de equinos com síndrome cólica letal e sua provável associação com parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais. Observou-se intensa destruição da arquitetura laminar, principalmente nos animais com alterações físicas e laboratoriais mais acentuadas, como tempo de preenchimento capilar prolongado (TPC), membranas mucosas congestas, taquicardia, hemoconcentração e redução nas contagens de plaquetas e leucócitos. Os resultados sinalizam o provável momento do desenvolvimento de lesões do tecido laminar em equinos com síndrome cólica, no qual é possível adotar medidas preventivas contra a laminite.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Kondo K.R.J., Fonseca C.C., Da Matta S.L.P. & Viloria M.I.V. 2009. [Histomorphometric analysis of the extracellular matrix of popliteal lymph nodes from dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (L.) chagasi.] Análise histomorfométrica da matriz extracelular do linfonodo poplíteo de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (L.) chagasi. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(8):610-616. Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil. E-mail: krisregia@hotmail.com In the Americas, canine visceral leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi, an obligatory intracellular parasite of the phagocytic-monocytic system; the main histological changes associated with this disease occur in the lymphoid organs. Although dogs are considered to be the main carriers and disseminators of leishmaniasis in urban areas, there are few studies on the histopathologic and histomorphometric aspects in dogs naturally infected by L.chagasi analyzing the interaction between parasite and extracellular matrix. The current study characterize and quantify changes in the cellular and extracellular matrix (collagens type I and III) components of the popliteal lymph node from of 22 dogs with the natural infection by L. chagasi confirmed by indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA) and compare theses findings with those fund in the popliteal lymph node from 10 non-infected dogs, that reacted negative in the IFA, and were clinically healthy. Lymph node fragments were longitudinally sliced and sections were processed for routine histopathology and stained by hematoxylin and eosin. For histomorphometry, additional sections from the same lymph node were fixed in glycol methacrylate and stained with toluidine blue. Lymph nodes from affected dogs were systemically enlarged, had increased numbers of lymphoid follicles, capsule hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and significant hyperplasia of lymphoid cells. In the lymph nodes from infected dogs, quantitative analyses of collagen fibers revealed predominance of type I collagen over type III fibers. These results demonstrate that dogs infected by L.chagasi experience degradation of the extracellular matrix components and consequently destruction of the lymphoid framework, thus altering nodal morphology.

• Leishmaniasis

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Kondo K.R.J., Fonseca C.C., Da Matta S.L.P. & Viloria M.I.V. 2009. [Histomorphometric analysis of the extracellular matrix of popliteal lymph nodes from dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (L.) chagasi.] Análise histomorfométrica da matriz extracelular do linfonodo poplíteo de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (L.) chagasi. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(8):610-616. Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. Peter Henry Rolfs s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36570-000, Brazil. E-mail: krisregia@hotmail.com Nas Américas, a leishmaniose visceral canina é causada por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi, um protozoário intracelular obrigatório do sistema fagocítico mononuclear; as principais alterações histológicas associadas a essa doença ocorrem nos em órgãos linfóides. Apesar de o cão ser considerado o principal mantenedor e disseminador da leishmaniose no ambiente urbano, são escassos estudos dos aspectos histopatológicos e histomorfométricos, em cães naturalmente infectados com L. chagasi, que investiguem a interação entre o parasito e a matriz extracelular. Este estudo visou caracterizar e quantificar as alterações dos componentes celulares e da matriz extracelular (colágenos I e III) do linfonodo poplíteo de 22 cães com infecção natural por L. chagasi detectada através da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIF) e compará-las com as alterações encontradas no linfonodo poplíteo de 10 cães não-infectados, negativos na RIF e clinicamente saudáveis. Fragmentos dos linfonodos foram seccionados longitudinalmente, processados rotineiramente para exame histológico e corados por hematoxilina-eosina. Cortes adicionais do mesmo linfonodo incluídos em glicol metacrilato foram corados pelo azul de toluidina para histomorfometria. Linfonodos de cães infectados apresentaram linfadenopatia generalizada, aumento do tamanho e do número dos folículos linfóides, hipertrofia da cápsula e hiperplasia linfóide significativa. Nos linfonodos de cães do grupo infectado, a análise quantitativa de fibras colágenas mostrou significativo predomínio do colágeno I sobre o colágeno III. Esses resultados demonstram que cães infectados por L. chagasi apresentam degradação dos constituintes da matriz extracelular e conseqüente destruição do arcabouço linfóide, alterando a morfologia do órgão.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Trost M.E., Gabriel A.L., Masuda E.K., Fighera R.A., Irigoyen L.F. & Kommers G.D. 2009. [Clinical, morphologic and immunohistochemical aspects of canine gastrintestinal pythiosis.] Aspectos clínicos, morfológicos e imuno-histoquímicos da pitiose gastrintestinal canina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(8):673-679. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: glaukommers@yahoo.com Four suspect and two confirmed cases of gastrointestinal pythiosis were found in a retrospective study of biopsy and necropsy cases of dogs received in the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. The two diagnosed and published cases have had the etiology confirmed by culture and zoosporogenesis induction or by nested-PCR. On this study, the etiologic diagnosis of four suspect cases was confirmed by immunohistochemistry using anti-Pythium insidiosum policlonal antibody. Epidemiology, clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and differential diagnoses are reported and discussed.

• Pythiosis Pythium insidiosum

Abstract in Portuguese:

RESUMO.- Trost M.E., Gabriel A.L., Masuda E.K., Fighera R.A., Irigoyen L.F. & Kommers G.D. 2009. [Clinical, morphologic and immunohistochemical aspects of canine gastrintestinal pythiosis.] Aspectos clínicos, morfológicos e imuno-histoquímicos da pitiose gastrintestinal canina. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(8):673-679. Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: glaukommers@yahoo.com Através de um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de biópsias e necropsias de cães recebidos no Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, constatou-se a ocorrência de dois casos confirmados e de quatro casos suspeitos de pitiose gastrintestinal canina. Os dois casos diagnosticados e publicados tiveram a etiologia confirmada através da cultura e indução de zoosporogênese ou por nested-PCR. Neste estudo utilizou-se a técnica de imuno-histoquímica com anticorpo policlonal anti-Pythium insidiosum para confirmação da etiologia dos quatro casos suspeitos. A epidemiologia, sinais clínicos, lesões macroscópicas e microscópicas, características histoquímicas e imuno-histoquímicas e diagnósticos diferenciais são relatados e discutidos.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Mendes H.M.F., Escobar A., Vasconcelos A.C., Zucoloto S., Alves G.E.S. & Faleiros R.R. 2009. [Morphometrical alterations in myoenteric plexus of experimentally distended equine small colon.] Alterações morfométricas no plexo mioentérico do cólon menor equino distendido experimentalmente. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(7):557-562. Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30161-970, Brazil. E-mail: faleiros@ufmg.br The equine small colon is frequently affected by obstruction, and intestinal motility dysfunction is a common complication after its surgical treatment. This fact may be related to myoenteric plexus lesion caused by distention; however, little is known about the pathophysiology of this condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations in the myoenteric inervation of segments of small colon of horses subjected to intraluminal distension with reduction of the microvascular perfusion (partial ischemia) of the intestinal wall. Nine horses were used to promote distension of on segment of small colon for 4 hours. Samples of intestinal wall were collected before and at the end of the distension, after 1.5 and 12 hours of reperfusion in the experimental segment and at the end of the procedure in a different distant segment. Samples were processed and histological sections were stained with cresyl violet for the morphometric studies. An image analyzer software was used to measure perimeter, diameter, and area of the neuronal body, nucleus and nucleolus of the neurons and the areas of the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Significant reductions (P<0.05) in the areas of the neuronal body and cytoplasm were detected at the end of intestinal distension, returning to the basal values during the reperfusion. In conclusion, intraluminal distension promoted changes in the morphology of the neurons of myoenteric plexus. These morphological modifications may be associated to the motility dysfunction frequently observed in clinical cases.

• Small colon distension myoenteric plexus horse

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Mendes H.M.F., Escobar A., Vasconcelos A.C., Zucoloto S., Alves G.E.S. & Faleiros R.R. 2009. [Morphometrical alterations in myoenteric plexus of experimentally distended equine small colon.] Alterações morfométricas no plexo mioentérico do cólon menor equino distendido experimentalmente. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(7):557-562. Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 30161-970, Brazil. E-mail: faleiros@ufmg.br The equine small colon is frequently affected by obstruction, and intestinal motility dysfunction is a common complication after its surgical treatment. This fact may be related to myoenteric plexus lesion caused by distention; however, little is known about the pathophysiology of this condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological alterations in the myoenteric inervation of segments of small colon of horses subjected to intraluminal distension with reduction of the microvascular perfusion (partial ischemia) of the intestinal wall. Nine horses were used to promote distension of on segment of small colon for 4 hours. Samples of intestinal wall were collected before and at the end of the distension, after 1.5 and 12 hours of reperfusion in the experimental segment and at the end of the procedure in a different distant segment. Samples were processed and histological sections were stained with cresyl violet for the morphometric studies. An image analyzer software was used to measure perimeter, diameter, and area of the neuronal body, nucleus and nucleolus of the neurons and the areas of the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Significant reductions (P<0.05) in the areas of the neuronal body and cytoplasm were detected at the end of intestinal distension, returning to the basal values during the reperfusion. In conclusion, intraluminal distension promoted changes in the morphology of the neurons of myoenteric plexus. These morphological modifications may be associated to the motility dysfunction frequently observed in clinical cases.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Silva C.A.O., Perri S.H.V., Koivisto M.B., Silva A.M., Carvalho R.G. & Monteiro C.M.R. 2009. [Histological and morphometric evaluation of the testes of cats (Felis catus).] Aspectos histológicos e morfométricos dos testículos de gatos domésticos (Felis catus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):312-316. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil. E-mail: monteiro@fmva.unesp.br This paper deals with a comparative histologic and morphometric study of the testes of domestic cats distributed into two groups: Group 1, cats until 1 year of age, and Group 2, cats over 1 year. It was found that: (1) at 4 months of age the seminiferous tubules were poorly developed, appeared as seminiferous cords without lumen, lined by a low epithelium, and showed undifferentiated Sertoli cells and scarce interstitial tissue; (2) at 5 months the seminiferous tubules began to differentiate with increase in tubular diameter and lumen, the other tubular structures remaining similar to those previous referred; (3) at 6 and 7 months of age spermatocytogenesis began to appear, Leydig cells were large, polyhedral in shape, with vacuolated cytoplasm and clear nuclei, resting on a sparse interstitial tissue with few blood vessels; (4) 1-year-old cats showed testicular histological features of an adult animal, had seminiferous tubules of large diameter and high seminiferous epithelium with small lumen, and Leydig cells of different sizes, with polyhedral shape, vacuolated cytoplasm, clear nuclei and evident nucleoli resting in a sparse interstitial tissue with some blood vessels; (5) in Group 1 the average diameter of the seminiferous tubules was 160.58µm, and 185.94µm in Group 2; (6) the height of the seminiferous epithelium was 49.51µm for Group 1 and 63.29µm for Group 2; (7) the largest measures of the analyzed parameters were found in animals of Group 2, with functional reproductive organs.

• Histology morphometry testes cats

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Silva C.A.O., Perri S.H.V., Koivisto M.B., Silva A.M., Carvalho R.G. & Monteiro C.M.R. 2009. [Histological and morphometric evaluation of the testes of cats (Felis catus).] Aspectos histológicos e morfométricos dos testículos de gatos domésticos (Felis catus). Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):312-316. Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Clóvis Pestana 793, Araçatuba, SP 16050-680, Brazil. E-mail: monteiro@fmva.unesp.br This paper deals with a comparative histologic and morphometric study of the testes of domestic cats distributed into two groups: Group 1, cats until 1 year of age, and Group 2, cats over 1 year. It was found that: (1) at 4 months of age the seminiferous tubules were poorly developed, appeared as seminiferous cords without lumen, lined by a low epithelium, and showed undifferentiated Sertoli cells and scarce interstitial tissue; (2) at 5 months the seminiferous tubules began to differentiate with increase in tubular diameter and lumen, the other tubular structures remaining similar to those previous referred; (3) at 6 and 7 months of age spermatocytogenesis began to appear, Leydig cells were large, polyhedral in shape, with vacuolated cytoplasm and clear nuclei, resting on a sparse interstitial tissue with few blood vessels; (4) 1-year-old cats showed testicular histological features of an adult animal, had seminiferous tubules of large diameter and high seminiferous epithelium with small lumen, and Leydig cells of different sizes, with polyhedral shape, vacuolated cytoplasm, clear nuclei and evident nucleoli resting in a sparse interstitial tissue with some blood vessels; (5) in Group 1 the average diameter of the seminiferous tubules was 160.58µm, and 185.94µm in Group 2; (6) the height of the seminiferous epithelium was 49.51µm for Group 1 and 63.29µm for Group 2; (7) the largest measures of the analyzed parameters were found in animals of Group 2, with functional reproductive organs.

Abstract in English:

ABSTRACT.- Néspoli P.B, Gheller V.A., Mahecha G.A.B., Godoy de Araújo D.K., Gilberto L. Macedo G.L.J. & Bordin A.I. 2009. [Morphologic aspects of hepatic ultrasonography in sheep.] Aspectos morfológicos da ultra-sonografia hepática de ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):333-338. Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil. E-mail: nespoli@ufmt.br The ultrasonography (US) is a complementary technique of choice for the diagnostic of hepatic diseases in many domestics’ species. In sheep however there are few reports about ultrasonography in hepatic diseases and there is not precise definition about the anatomic standards of normal liver limits in ultrasonographic examination. In this study 58 Santa Inês sheep breed were used and divided in 3 groups: n1=8 males, n2=10 not pregnant females and n3=40 pregnant females. The animals were scanned from the 12º to 8º intercostal spaces (EI) to observe the localization of the vena cava caudal (VC), gallbladder (VB) and to measure the liver thickness above the VC and vena portae VP under the 11º and 10º EI. The liver was examined on satisfactory way from the 12º till the 8º EI. Both the VC and the VP where observed from the 12º to 9º EI, however the VC could not be observed in 11 animals, 10 of them were over 50 kg. Between the two female groups the VC and VP where observed most frequently from the 11º to 10º EI and in all males examined from the 12º to 10º EI. The location of the gallbladder varies between the 10º to the 8º EI, with bigger incidence between the 9º and the 8º EI in pregnant and no pregnant females groups and underneath the 9º EI on the male group. Comparatively, the ecogenicity of the liver parenchyma was more intense than kidney cortex. There was a significant correlation between liver’s weight and hepatic thikness above the vena portae on the 11º and 10º EI on the pregnant females group. The US supplied to important information about the topography and echogenicity of the liver and showed to be a useful tool to esteem the liver’s weight.

• Sheep ultrasonography liver Vena cava caudalis Vena portae gall bladder

Abstract in Portuguese:

ABSTRACT.- Néspoli P.B, Gheller V.A., Mahecha G.A.B., Godoy de Araújo D.K., Gilberto L. Macedo G.L.J. & Bordin A.I. 2009. [Morphologic aspects of hepatic ultrasonography in sheep.] Aspectos morfológicos da ultra-sonografia hepática de ovinos. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 29(4):333-338. Departamento de Clínica Médica Veterinária, Faculdade Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa s/n, Coxipó, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil. E-mail: nespoli@ufmt.br The ultrasonography (US) is a complementary technique of choice for the diagnostic of hepatic diseases in many domestics’ species. In sheep however there are few reports about ultrasonography in hepatic diseases and there is not precise definition about the anatomic standards of normal liver limits in ultrasonographic examination. In this study 58 Santa Inês sheep breed were used and divided in 3 groups: n1=8 males, n2=10 not pregnant females and n3=40 pregnant females. The animals were scanned from the 12º to 8º intercostal spaces (EI) to observe the localization of the vena cava caudal (VC), gallbladder (VB) and to measure the liver thickness above the VC and vena portae VP under the 11º and 10º EI. The liver was examined on satisfactory way from the 12º till the 8º EI. Both the VC and the VP where observed from the 12º to 9º EI, however the VC could not be observed in 11 animals, 10 of them were over 50 kg. Between the two female groups the VC and VP where observed most frequently from the 11º to 10º EI and in all males examined from the 12º to 10º EI. The location of the gallbladder varies between the 10º to the 8º EI, with bigger incidence between the 9º and the 8º EI in pregnant and no pregnant females groups and underneath the 9º EI on the male group. Comparatively, the ecogenicity of the liver parenchyma was more intense than kidney cortex. There was a significant correlation between liver’s weight and hepatic thikness above the vena portae on the 11º and 10º EI on the pregnant females group. The US supplied to important information about the topography and echogenicity of the liver and showed to be a useful tool to esteem the liver’s weight.