Resultado da pesquisa (4)
Termo utilizado na pesquisa Morcego hematófago
#1 - Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllstomidae) no Estado de São Paulo
Abstract in English:
Gomes M., Uieda W. & Latorre M.R.D.O. 2006. [Influence of sex differences in the same colony for chemical control of vampire Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) populations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.] Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllstomidae) no Estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):38-43. Coordenadoria de Defesa Agropecuária/SP, Regional Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido X.A.Sousa 35, Mogi das Cruzes, SP 08780-210, Brazil. E-mail: murilong@usp.br
The aim of this study was to verify the fidelity to the diurnal roosts by the genders of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus, and to analyse the Warfarin gel 2% effectiveness for reduction of the size of vampire bat colonies, when individuals of different sexes were treated. In 1999 and 2000, 626 vampire bats were mist netted while leaving at night 12 diurnal roosts in the state of São Paulo. They were marked, and 10% of the roost population received the Warfarin gel 2% treatment. In Test I only males were treated, in Test II only females were treated, and in Test III 5% of males and females were treated. After 5 and 10 days, the dead and the survivors were counted. Females were more loyal to the roosts (p<0,01) and better wide spreader of the Warfarin gel (p<0,01).
Abstract in Portuguese:
Gomes M., Uieda W. & Latorre M.R.D.O. 2006. [Influence of sex differences in the same colony for chemical control of vampire Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) populations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.] Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllstomidae) no Estado de São Paulo. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 26(1):38-43. Coordenadoria de Defesa Agropecuária/SP, Regional Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido X.A.Sousa 35, Mogi das Cruzes, SP 08780-210, Brazil. E-mail: murilong@usp.br
The aim of this study was to verify the fidelity to the diurnal roosts by the genders of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus, and to analyse the Warfarin gel 2% effectiveness for reduction of the size of vampire bat colonies, when individuals of different sexes were treated. In 1999 and 2000, 626 vampire bats were mist netted while leaving at night 12 diurnal roosts in the state of São Paulo. They were marked, and 10% of the roost population received the Warfarin gel 2% treatment. In Test I only males were treated, in Test II only females were treated, and in Test III 5% of males and females were treated. After 5 and 10 days, the dead and the survivors were counted. Females were more loyal to the roosts (p<0,01) and better wide spreader of the Warfarin gel (p<0,01).
#2 - The use of "Tecvampicid Paste 1%" in the control of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera)
Abstract in English:
The "Tecvampicid Paste 1 %", a topical paste to control vampire bats Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810), using the Technical Warfarin was tested at laboratorial conditions. The vampire bats showed symptoms of poisoning and died with typical hemorrhages. One out of 20 vampire bats was treated topically on its back with 2 g of the paste and released. An efficiency of 80% was observed 10 days after treatment. Behavioral group alterations were observed due to the poisoning. Between treatment and the initial symptoms a period of 4 days wai; observed, death occurred during 7 days. Three vampire bats probably contaminated by contact with small amounts of the paste, got sick but did not die; one stayed healthy. The paste was considered efficient, and the. authors suggest its regular use by the official services in rabies control programs.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Foi realizado um estudo do vampiricida "Tecvampicid Pasta 1 % " no controle de Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810) sob condições experimentais. Os resultados indicaram que os morcegos se intoxicaram e morreram com hemorragias características, provocadas pelo anticoagulante. Alcançou-se uma mortalidade de 80%, após 10 dias, na colônia de 20 exemplares, com apenas o tratamento de um morcego com 2 g da pasta no seu dorso. Observou-se alterações no comportamento grupal da espécie frente à intoxicação. O período entre a aplicação do produto e o aparecimento dos sintomas foi de 4 dias e as mortes ocorreram durante 7 dias. Os três exemplares que devem ter adquirido pequenas quantidades do produto por contatos corporais não morreram, apesar de terem ficado doentes e um sobreviveu sem adoecer. O "Tecvampicid Pasta 1%" foi considerado eficaz na eliminação de morcegos D. rotundus e os autores sugerem o seu uso rotineiro nos programas oficiais de controle da Raiva dos Herbívoros.
#3 - Behavioral study of the vampire bat Desmodus rotundus (Chiroptera) related with the attack rate on cattle in captivity
Abstract in English:
The objective of this study was to determine the attack rate of vampire bats, Desmodus rotundus (Geoffroy, 1810), on cattle kept in captivity. It was observed that the bats returned to wounds previously made by them, but without a rigorous pattern of repetition. New wounds were made almost everyday, while old wounds were temporarily or definitively abandoned. Vampire bats fed on all regions of the body, although showed preference for the front legs, dorsal region, hind legs and withers. Finally, a great number of wounds were opened, whereas only a few were utilized on the sarne night.
Abstract in Portuguese:
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a taxa de ataque de morcegos hematófagos Desmodus rotundus alimentando-se em bovinos mantidos em cativeiro. Observou-se que os morcegos retornam aos ferimentos por eles provocados anteriormente, porém sem um padrão rigoroso de repetitividade. Eles abrem novos ferimentos quase que diariamente e abandonam temporária ou definitivamente outros. Os morcegos sugaram em todas as regiões corporais dos bovinos, mas preferencialmente nos membros anteriores, dorso, membros posteriores e cernelha. Finalmente, causam um grande número de ferimentos nos animais, apesar de utilizarem poucos deles por dia.
#4 - Vampiricides for topical use on domestic aminals and vampire bats
Abstract in English:
This study was undertaken as an attempt to adapt the basic formulation of Vampirinip II, a vampiricide developed at the "Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Pecuárias de México" to fiel d conditions in Brazil. The original product w.as presented as a paste to be use d both for topical application on vampire bats and for use on wounds caused by these bats in domestic animals. Two modified pastes were developed: MH-I for use on bites caused by vampire bats, and MH-II, to be used directly on the back of vampire bats, Desmodus rotundus. The Technical Warfarin used was 3(α-acetonyl-benzyl)-4-hydroxycumarin, and the concentration was maintained at 1% in MH-II, but increased to 2% in MH-I. Paraffin was added to both pastes: 5% for MH-I and 2,5% for MH-II. One topical application of the MH-I paste reduced by 80% the number of new bites, while the MH-II paste caused a reduction in the vampire bat population of approximately 95%. The advantages of both vampiricides are discussed. The production and commercialization of the MH-II paste are recommended and its use by farrners is encouraged as a means of reducing governamental expenditures in rabies contrai programs.
Abstract in Portuguese:
Foram procedidas modificações na formulação básica original do produto Vampirinip II, à base de Warfarina Técnica 3(α -acetonil- benzil)-4-hidroxicumarina, desenvolvido no "Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Pecuárias de México". O produto era apresentado em uma única formulação sob. A forma de pasta, tanto para tratamento tópico em morcegos hematófagos, como para uso em ferimentos por eles provocados nos animais. A reformulação do Vampirinip II foi baseada em observações a nível de campo, incialmente, tranformando-o em duas pastas vampiricidas de uso tópico: em ferimentos nos animais domésticos (MH-I) e outra em morcegos hematófagos (MH-II). Na pasta MH-I foi alterada a concentração referente à Warfarina, possuindo 2% ao invés de 1% como na MH-II, além da inclusão de parafina, com 5% na MH-I e 2,5% na MH-II. A pasta para animais domésticos quando usada em um único tratamento tópico reduziu em cerca de 80% o número de morde- duras frescas e o uso em morcegos hematófagos Desmodus rotundus alcançou uma redução em torno de 95% nas suas populações. Discute-se as vantagens das duas pastas e propõe-se a sua industrialização e comercialização, sendo a pasta para uso em morcegos hematófagos restrita ao uso oficial. Deste modo, pretende-se minimizar os custos operacionais do governo nas campanhas de Controle da Raiva dos Herbívoros.
